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This is a cheatsheet for util-vserver. Some of these recipes have been arrived at by users, using trial and error, so they may not always be the "official" solutions.
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== Where to find the latest util-vserver ? ==
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= util-vserver:Cheatsheet =


:Look here:
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:<pre>http://people.linux-vserver.org/~dhozac/t/uv-testing/</pre>
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=== From Linux-VServer ===


:or checkout git repository:
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:<pre>git clone https://github.com/linux-vserver/util-vserver.git util-vserver</pre>


:And for the lastest kernel patch:


:<pre>http://vserver.13thfloor.at/Experimental/</pre>
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== How to debug an issue with the vserver command ?==
Jump to: [[#column-one|navigation]], [[#searchInput|search]]


Simply add the --debug flag , beware this will be quite verbose !<br>
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<code>vserver --debug  ......</code>
This is a cheatsheet for util-vserver. Some of these recipes have been arrived at by users, using trial and error, so they may not always be the &quot;official&quot; solutions.


== How to add an IP address to a live guest ?==
{| id="toc" class="wikitable toc" summary="Contents"
|-
| <div id="toctitle">


# create the address on the host: <pre>ifconfig eth0:10 172.16.0.145/12</pre> or <pre>ip addr add dev eth0 172.16.0.145/12</pre> or even <pre>ip addr add dev dummy0 172.16.0.145/12</pre>
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# add the adress:<pre>naddress --nid guestname --add --ip 172.16.0.145 --bcast 172.31.255.255</pre>
== Contents ==
#* Depending on what you use the vserver for, you may not want the broadcast thing at all; you can also use a /32 mask for the IP in this case.
# add the ip to the config directory to make it stick if you restart <br/>
# enter the guest and verify services that need to listen on the ip, restart if necessary (for me it was not).


== How to change the machine type live ?==


: For this you can use the '''vuname''' command,
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:: <pre>sudo vuname --xid 40133 -s -t 'machine=i686'</pre>
* [[#Where_to_find_the_latest_util-vserver_.3F|<span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Where to find the latest util-vserver ?</span>]]
* [[#How_to_add_an_IP_address_to_a_live_guest_.3F|<span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">How to add an IP address to a live guest ?</span>]]
* [[#How_to_change_the_machine_type_live_.3F|<span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">How to change the machine type live ?</span>]]
* [[#What_are_the_main_vutils_commands_.3F|<span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">What are the main vutils commands ?</span>]]
* [[#What_are_the_services_that_need_to_be_running_in_a_basic_setup_.3F|<span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">What are the services that need to be running in a basic setup ?</span>]]


: Possible values for TAG are:
|}
:: <pre>context, sysname, nodename, release, version, machine, domainname</pre>


:To make those change permanent you have to modify the files in your /etc/vservers/<vserver-name>/uts/machine file see the great flower page for details.
<span id="Where_to_find_the_latest_util-vserver_.3F"></span>
<span id="edit-where-to-find-the-latest-util-vserver"></span>
== <span class="editsection">[<nowiki/>[[index.php?title=util-vserver:Cheatsheet&action=edit&section=1|edit]]]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Where to find the latest util-vserver ? </span> ==


== What are the main vutils commands ?==
Look here:
<pre>http://people.linux-vserver.org/~dhozac/t/uv-testing/</pre>
and for the lastest kernel patch:
<pre>http://vserver.13thfloor.at/Experimental/</pre>
<span id="How_to_add_an_IP_address_to_a_live_guest_.3F"></span>
<span id="edit-how-to-add-an-ip-address-to-a-live-guest"></span>
== <span class="editsection">[<nowiki/>[[index.php?title=util-vserver:Cheatsheet&action=edit&section=2|edit]]]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> How to add an IP address to a live guest ?</span> ==


: '''Main ones are''' :
<ol>
<li><p>create the address on the host:</p>
<pre>ifconfig eth0:10 172.16.0.145/12</pre>
<p>or</p>
<pre>ip addr add dev eth0 172.16.0.145/12</pre>
<p>or even</p>
<pre>ip addr add dev dummy0 172.16.0.145/12</pre></li>
<li><p>add the adress:</p>
<pre>naddress --nid guestname --add --ip 172.16.0.145 --bcast 172.31.255.255</pre>
<ul>
<li>Depending on what you use the vserver for, you may not want the broadcast thing at all; you can also use a /32 mask for the IP in this case.</li></ul>
</li>
<li>add the ip to the config directory to make it stick if you restart<br />
</li>
<li>enter the guest and verify services that need to listen on the ip, restart if necessary (for me it was not).</li></ol>


:# vserver : to create enter , start, stop, destroy etc the vserver guests.
<span id="How_to_change_the_machine_type_live_.3F"></span>
:# vuname :  to change live guest : context, sysname, nodename, release, version, machine or domainname.
<span id="edit-how-to-change-the-machine-type-live"></span>
:# vattribute: to change capabilities of a live guest (bcap, ccap and flags).
== <span class="editsection">[<nowiki/>[[index.php?title=util-vserver:Cheatsheet&action=edit&section=3|edit]]]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> How to change the machine type live ?</span> ==
:# nattribute: to change network capabilities and flags of a live guest (ncaps and flags).
:# vlimit :    to change the limits of a live guest (cpu, fsize, data, stack, core, rss, nproc,nofile, memlock, as, locks, msgqueue, nsock, openfd, anon, shmem, semary,nsems, and dentry).
:# vsched :    to change schheduling parameters of live guest.
:# vdevmap :  to remap device or  give permission to a guest to create/read/open specific devices.
:# vdlimit :  to change the directory limits of a live guest.
:: those parameters can be '''setup permanently''' in the configuration files, see the vutil flower page for details ([http://www.nongnu.org/util-vserver/doc/conf/configuration.html The Great Flower Page]).


For this you can use the '''vuname''' command,
<pre>sudo vuname --xid 40133 -s -t 'machine=i686'</pre>
:'''Other usefull vutils''' :
Possible values for TAG are:
<pre>context, sysname, nodename, release, version, machine, domainname</pre>
To make those change permanent you have to modify the files in your /etc/vservers/&lt;vserver-name&gt;/uts/machine file see the great flower page for details.
<span id="What_are_the_main_vutils_commands_.3F"></span>
<span id="edit-what-are-the-main-vutils-commands"></span>
== <span class="editsection">[<nowiki/>[[index.php?title=util-vserver:Cheatsheet&action=edit&section=4|edit]]]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> What are the main vutils commands ?</span> ==


:# vapt-get : to run apt-get from the host in one or more guest.
'''Main ones are''' :
:# vemerge  : to run emerge from the host in one or more guest.
# vserver : to create enter , start, stop, destroy etc the vserver guests.
:# vmount : to mount file systems inside guest from the host.
# vuname : to change live guest : context, sysname, nodename, release, version, machine or domainname.
:# vsomething : to run one command to all vserver in one go.
# vattribute: to change capabilities of a live guest (bcap, ccap and flags).
# nattribute: to change network capabilities and flags of a live guest (ncaps and flags).
# vlimit : to change the limits of a live guest (cpu, fsize, data, stack, core, rss, nproc,nofile, memlock, as, locks, msgqueue, nsock, openfd, anon, shmem, semary,nsems, and dentry).
# vsched : to change schheduling parameters of live guest.
# vdevmap : to remap device or give permission to a guest to create/read/open specific devices.
# vdlimit : to change the directory limits of a live guest.


those parameters can be '''setup permanently''' in the configuration files, see the vutil flower page for details ([http://www.nongnu.org/util-vserver/doc/conf/configuration.html The Great Flower Page]).
<br />


: '''daily usage one''':


:# vps : ps in a guest aware way (see all the process of host+guest).
'''Other usefull vutils''' :
:# vtop : top in a guest aware way (see all the process of host+guest).
# vapt-get : to run apt-get from the host in one or more guest.
:# vserver-info : gives version and other usefull information about the utils installed.
# vemerge  : to run emerge from the host in one or more guest.
:# vserver-stat : gives informations about running guests.
# vmount : to mount file systems inside guest from the host.
# vsomething : to run one command to all vserver in one go.


== What are the services that need to be running in a basic setup ?==
<br />


: '''Services to allow on boot''' :


:# vprocunhide : this one is mandatory to allow access to required parts of /proc on the guest
'''daily usage one''':
:# vservers-default: this one will start the vservers on reboot, most users need this one
# vps : ps in a guest aware way (see all the process of host+guest).
:# util-vserver : ? do not know what it does.
# vtop : top in a guest aware way (see all the process of host+guest).
# vserver-info : gives version and other usefull information about the utils installed.
# vserver-stat : gives informations about running guests.


: this article in incomplete, please do not hesistate to add your comments !
<span id="What_are_the_services_that_need_to_be_running_in_a_basic_setup_.3F"></span>
<span id="edit-what-are-the-services-that-need-to-be-running-in-a-basic-setup"></span>
== <span class="editsection">[<nowiki/>[[index.php?title=util-vserver:Cheatsheet&action=edit&section=5|edit]]]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> What are the services that need to be running in a basic setup ?</span> ==


'''Services to allow on boot''' :
# vprocunhide : this one is mandatory to unlock /proc visibility for guest
# vservers-default: this one will start the vservers on reboot, most users need this one
# util-vserver : ? do not know what it does.


== How to control the start parallelism of the guest ? ==
this article in incomplete, please do not hesistate to add your comments !
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: If you just use the default mark group you can setup in Debian:/etc/default/vservers-default Redhat:/etc/sysconfig/vservers-default the NUMPARALLEL variable.
Retrieved from &quot;http://linux-vserver.org/util-vserver:Cheatsheet&quot;
: like this:   NUMPARALLEL=42 for 42 parrallel start at a time or  NUMPARALLEL=1 to nullify parallel start making them start one at a time.


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[[Category:Configuration]]
 
 
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Latest revision as of 22:57, 10 November 2025

util-vserver:Cheatsheet[edit]

From Linux-VServer[edit]


Jump to: navigation, search

This is a cheatsheet for util-vserver. Some of these recipes have been arrived at by users, using trial and error, so they may not always be the "official" solutions.

Contents[edit]

[edit] Where to find the latest util-vserver ? [edit]

Look here:

http://people.linux-vserver.org/~dhozac/t/uv-testing/

and for the lastest kernel patch:

http://vserver.13thfloor.at/Experimental/

[edit] How to add an IP address to a live guest ?[edit]

  1. create the address on the host:

    ifconfig eth0:10 172.16.0.145/12

    or

    ip addr add dev eth0 172.16.0.145/12

    or even

    ip addr add dev dummy0 172.16.0.145/12
  2. add the adress:

    naddress --nid guestname --add --ip 172.16.0.145 --bcast 172.31.255.255
    • Depending on what you use the vserver for, you may not want the broadcast thing at all; you can also use a /32 mask for the IP in this case.
  3. add the ip to the config directory to make it stick if you restart
  4. enter the guest and verify services that need to listen on the ip, restart if necessary (for me it was not).

[edit] How to change the machine type live ?[edit]

For this you can use the vuname command,

sudo vuname --xid 40133 -s -t 'machine=i686'

Possible values for TAG are:

context, sysname, nodename, release, version, machine, domainname

To make those change permanent you have to modify the files in your /etc/vservers/<vserver-name>/uts/machine file see the great flower page for details.

[edit] What are the main vutils commands ?[edit]

Main ones are :

  1. vserver : to create enter , start, stop, destroy etc the vserver guests.
  2. vuname : to change live guest : context, sysname, nodename, release, version, machine or domainname.
  3. vattribute: to change capabilities of a live guest (bcap, ccap and flags).
  4. nattribute: to change network capabilities and flags of a live guest (ncaps and flags).
  5. vlimit : to change the limits of a live guest (cpu, fsize, data, stack, core, rss, nproc,nofile, memlock, as, locks, msgqueue, nsock, openfd, anon, shmem, semary,nsems, and dentry).
  6. vsched : to change schheduling parameters of live guest.
  7. vdevmap : to remap device or give permission to a guest to create/read/open specific devices.
  8. vdlimit : to change the directory limits of a live guest.

those parameters can be setup permanently in the configuration files, see the vutil flower page for details (The Great Flower Page).


Other usefull vutils :

  1. vapt-get : to run apt-get from the host in one or more guest.
  2. vemerge  : to run emerge from the host in one or more guest.
  3. vmount : to mount file systems inside guest from the host.
  4. vsomething : to run one command to all vserver in one go.



daily usage one:

  1. vps : ps in a guest aware way (see all the process of host+guest).
  2. vtop : top in a guest aware way (see all the process of host+guest).
  3. vserver-info : gives version and other usefull information about the utils installed.
  4. vserver-stat : gives informations about running guests.

[edit] What are the services that need to be running in a basic setup ?[edit]

Services to allow on boot :

  1. vprocunhide : this one is mandatory to unlock /proc visibility for guest
  2. vservers-default: this one will start the vservers on reboot, most users need this one
  3. util-vserver : ? do not know what it does.

this article in incomplete, please do not hesistate to add your comments !